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Geomagnetism and
Gravimetry
Inverse Problems and
Numerical Analysis of the Potential Fields Methods fot solving the inverse problems of the potential fields with elementary sources (positive and negative point masses, current loops, etc.) have been worked out. On the basis of these methods the distribution of gravity and geomagnetic inhomogeneouties and horizontal boundaries of a different type (local, regional and global ) within the Earth can be effectively studied. The obtained solutions give an idea about the inner structure of the Earth and can be used when searching and studying mineral resources. The field of the obtained sources represents a better model of these fields on the investigated region and can be used as a base for the solution of a number of other problems from the science and practice. The corresponding residual field (the difference between the observed on the Earth's surface and the field of the model) is obviously connected with the different anomalous inhomogeneouties in the upper layers of the Earth and can be used in this direction. Computer programs for these methods have been worked out and a number of experiments, clarifying their possibilities, has been carried out. So far, these methods have been used mainly for studying the sources of these fields globally for the whole Earth and for the investigation of some local anomalies both from the territory of the country and also from different regions in the world, for example - the territory of Spain, of Antarctica, etc. The incorrectness of these problems has been examined. A series of proofs have been made, connecred with the uniqueness and stability of these problems. Study of the Earth’s permanent and variable magnetic fields In 2007 we celebrate the 70th anniversary of the establishment of the Geomagnetic Observatory Panagyurishte, being the only one in Bulgaria and the first one on the Balkans. Established by the Geographic Institute with the Ministry of War in 1937 and transferred within the organisation of the Geophysical Institute with the Bulgarian Academy of Science in 1961, the Observatory has reinforced its position as a reputable national scientific centre for study of the Earth’s magnetic field. The activities of the Observatory in the sphere of absolute measurements, registration of the geomagnetic field variations and geomagnetic surveys, carried out on the territory of the country, are of considerable scientific and practical importance. The contemporary, highly precise, digital recording and measurement devices, installed in recent years, have promoted the work of the Observatory to modern standards in line with the requirements defined by INTERMAGNET.
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